In recent years, the spatial structure of the world has been greatly developed. Space frame accessories and space frame structure are a kind of spatial space frame structure. The so-called "space frame structure" is relative to the "planar structure", it has the characteristics of three-dimensional function, and the space frame structure is also the expansion and deepening of the planar structure. In the development of the space frame structure, it is welcomed by people for its efficient stress performance, novel and beautiful form and fast and convenient construction. Especially in large-span, large-space stadiums, convention and exhibition centers, cultural facilities, transportation hubs and even industrial plants, space frame structures are used.
The cross-sections of space frame accessories and space frame structures should be determined according to strength and stability calculations. In order to reduce the calculated length of the compression rod and increase its stability, measures such as adding sub-rods and supporting rods can be adopted. The joints of the plate space frame and double-shell space frame made of steel mainly have three forms: cross plate joints, welded hollow spherical joints and bolted spherical joints. The cross plate node is suitable for the space frame fittings and space frame structure of the section steel rod. The connection between the rod and the node plate is connected by welding or high-strength bolts. Hollow ball joints and bolted ball joints are suitable for the grid structure of steel pipe rods. The nodes of the single-layer shell-type grid should be able to withstand bending internal forces. In general, the steel consumption of the nodes accounts for 15-20% of the steel consumption of the entire steel space frame structure.
After a century of continuous development of the space frame structure, in terms of structural form, in addition to the space frame and the reticulated shell, the membrane structure, the tensioned overall system, the open and closed roof, and the foldable structure are all new members of the space structure. In the early twentieth century, steel materials provided conditions for the development of grid structures, and subsequent aluminum alloys made the rods of the grid lighter. In recent years, composite materials, especially a large number of new building materials have been developed, which has had a strong impact on the development of space structures. In terms of material application, due to the continuous improvement of steel varieties and strength, more and more space structures use section steel, steel pipes, steel rods, cables and even cast steel products. To a large extent, the space structure has become a "spatial steel structure". With the advent of modern computers, some new theories and analysis methods, such as finite element method, nonlinear analysis, dynamic analysis, etc., have been widely used in space structure, and the calculation and design of space structure have become more convenient and accurate. The spatial structure is now ever-changing and diverse. It can be said that spatial structure has become one of the most important and active areas of contemporary architectural structure.
没有评论:
发表评论